DIW econ was engaged to carry out the 10th seminar of the Climate Technology Initiative (CTI) with the Title “Programmatic Approaches of JI and CDM – Business Opportunities for Emission Reduction”. Topics being discussed were the development and implementation of Programmes of Activities (PoA) for emission reduction within the frame of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) or Joint Implementation (JI) in Eastern European countries, in countries of the former Soviet Union and in Central Asia. Especially the presentation and discussion of best practice examples was intended to raise awareness and give ideas for possible PoAs in target countries among main stakeholders such as technology suppliers, financing institutions and potential project owners. Specific content of the seminar was the presentation of a PoA’s development cycle, problems with different financing opportunities and the execution and monitoring of PoAs. Seminar participants had the opportunuity for a mutual exchange concerning joint activities and knowledge transfer.